小伙伴，很多人可能对自然拼读法Phonics基本规则和er字母组合发音在什么情况下发什么音不是很了解，所以今天我来和大家分享一些关于自然拼读法Phonics基本规则和er字母组合发音在什么情况下发什么音的知识，希望能够帮助大家更好地了解这个话题。
本文目录一览
自然拼读法(Phonics)基本规则
自然拼读法(Phonics)基本规则自然拼读法基本规则:
1. 二十六个字母的读音(Letter Sounds).
★ 五个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u), 每个发两种音：长音（其字母音）和短音
★ y不在单词开头时，一般被看做元音
2. 单元音单词拼读(Consonant-Vowel-ConsonantCombinations)
如果一个英语单词或音节里只有一个元音, 且元音不在末尾，这个元音一般发短音.
如：Sam, cat, mat, 等等．
★ Ending Consonants
★ One Vowel Word,Short Vowel Sounds
★ Beginning Consonants
3. 双元音单词拼读(Two Vowel Words):
一个单词或音节里有两个元音时， 一般来说，前边一个元音发长音（其字母音）， 后边一个元音不发音．
如:make,mail, may, hay, say, see, sea, meet, meat, key, five, nine, tie, road, coat, toe, cute等等．
4. 双/三辅音在一起时的联读(Consonant Blends)
★ Beginning consonant blends (bl, br, cl, cr, dr, fl, fr, gl, fr, pl, pr, sc, sk, sl, ,sn, sp, st, sw, tr, tw, scr, spl, str)
★ Ending consonant blends (ft, lf, lm, lp, lt, mp, nd, nk, nt, pt, sk, st)
★ Words ending inll, ss, ff
★Consonant digraphs (ch, th, sh, wh)
5. 特殊读法(1)–带元音的特殊读法(Irregular Vowels)
igh, ing, ind, ild, ar, or, oi, oy, alt, alk, ost, old, er, ir, ur, ew,sion, tion, eigh, all, ow, ow, ou, ay, ous, ed, ed (t), ed (d), aw, au, oo, oo
以上字母组合作为整体音节发音。需记住它们所发的音。
Examples:
★ ar (car, far),air (hair), are (hare), au, augh (caught), aw (hawk)
★ al, all (all,tall, mall, hall), alk (talk, walk), alt (halt, salt), ay (may, play)
ew (new, few), eigh (eight, weight),
ed:
u says /ed/: patted, landed, lifted
u says /t/: walked, hopped, stopped
u says /d/: cried, played, chewed
★ er (sister,brother), ir (girl, fir, firm), ur (burn, hurt)
★ ie (field),ing(king, sing, dancing), ind (find, kind, behind), ild (mild, wild, child),igh (high, night, light), ire
★ oi (oil, boil),oy (boy, toy), old (old, cold), ost (most, host), olt,
oo (book), oo (tool, school), or (or, for, horn),
ow (读音一：cow, now, how, bow； 读音二：bow, low, blow, snow),
ou (shout, out, loud)
ould (could, would), ough (五种不同的读音：cough, through, ought, slough, plough),
ought, , ous (famous, nervous),
★ ue (cruel), ui(fluid)
★tion (attention, fiction), sion (passion, expression),
★ ending sounds :ang, ong, ung, edge, le
6. 特殊读法(2)
★ 如果一个单词或音节里只有一个元音,而且元音在末尾， 这个元音一般发长音（其字母音） (Vowel at the end)．
如：me, hi, go, baby, table, humor，hibernate 等等。
★ Y在末尾 (作为元音处理）（y at the end）：
u 单音节词, 没有其他元音，y发”I”(one syllable word, y at the end (pronounced as “I”)): my, why,fly, sky
u 多音节词, y发”E” 的音(two or more syllables, y at the end (pronounced as “E”)): daddy,
mommy, baby，honey, crazy
7. 特殊读法(3) - 固定读音的单词(Sight Word):
is, are, the, a, to, here, hey, have, son, love, come, give, field…… 等.
它们不遵守前边的发音规则，需要死记硬背。
8. 特殊读法(4) – 辅音的特殊读法
★ 有一些辅音不发音 (silent
consonants)．
u u Silent b: comb, lamb
u u Silent h: ghost
u u Silent k: knife, knock, knob, know…
u u Silent w: write, wrist, wreck …
★ "c"和 "k" 在一起时， 发一个音: quick, black等.
★ "q"总是和"u"在一起：quite, quick, quit, quilt等.
之所以指出这一点, 是在这里u不能再被认为是元音, 而是和q一起组成一个辅音组合. 于是, 在quite这个单词里只有两个元音, 是双元音单词, 第一个元音i发字母音, 第二个元音e不发音.
★ "p"和 "h"在一起, 发/f/的音: phone, photo.
★ 复数s及末尾s的读音(Plural s and the sounds of ending s)
c和g 的两种读音:
u u 如果i(或y)或者 e 跟在c或者g的后边, c发/s/, g发/j/的音: center, cigar, nice, mice, gem, giant, gym, page.
u u 其他情况下, c发/k/,
g发/g/: can, clap, cup, great, glad, got, goat, log.
u u 特殊情况：get, give
9. 多音节单词和复合词(Words with multiplesyllables and compound words)
★ 多音节单词: believe,multiple, syllable, compound
★ 复合词: homework,highway, sidewalk, inside, outside
1. 自然拼读法的第一步是掌握二十六个字母的读音 (Letter
Sounds). 其中五个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u)发两种音。
2. 第二步是进行单元音字母的拼读练习，如： Sam, cat, mat, 等等．
3. 第三步, 是固定读音的单词: the, a, is, to, have 等.
4. 第四步，是一个单词里有两个元音时，前边一个元音发字母音， 后边一个元音不发音，如： make, made, sea, five, nine, road等等．
5. 第五步, 是双/三辅音在一起时怎么联读, 如: bl(ack), str(eet)等；有一些辅音不发音，如： ghost,comb, lamb等；要掌握一下和"h"联在一起的发音： ch, sh, th, wh。
6. 第六步，是特殊读法：
单音节词，以元音结尾，这个元音发字母音． 如： me, hi, go 等等
Irregular: ar (car), ay(hay, may, say), igh (high, night, might), ew (new),
er (sister, brother), ur(burn, hurt), ir (girl, fir, firm), or (horn), eigh
(eight), oi (oil, boil), oy(boy), ow 等有其特别的发音．"c" 和 "k" 在一起时， 发一个音: quick, black等.
自然拼音拼读练习表
第一天：a e i o u a_e e_e i_e o_e u_e
Aa : mat map bag cat hat fan bat apple
Ee:egg well red pen net hen bed bell
Ii: lick six bib pig pin kiss ink hill
Oo:ox on octopus box sock operate ostrich
Uu:sun umbrella cup bus nut gun uncle under
cape name tape lake game make take hate
these Japanese Chinese
bite five nine kite mine nice ride side
rose nose rope note pose home rode those
tube cube June cute huge
第二天:ai ay ee ea ey ie ighoa ow ui ue
ai: tail rain paint pain jail rail nailmaid
ay:bay ray way say hay pay May lay
ee:reeds eel bee peel jeep feet see teeth
ea:sea meat peanut eagle peach tea leaf pea
ey:donkey monkey jockey turkey monkeyhockey key trolley
ie:tie pie lie die
igh:right sight night tight hight fighthigh sigh
oa:road toast toad coal goat boat coat soap
ow:rainbow pillow yellow window bowl rowhollow low
ui:suit juice fruit
ue:Sue blue glue true
第三天:ar er ir ur or
ar: arm car armchair card cart farm parkgarden
er:sister brother under rooster wintermermaid marker mother
ir:birthday circus dirty bird circle dirtgirl
ur:turtle surfing turkey fur hurt pursenurse
or:porch pork horse horn fort morning cornfork
第四天:ou ow oi oy au aw oo oo ea
ou:house out mouth count fountain mountainshout mouse
ow:cow towel clown owl crown brown flowertower
oi:coin oil point noise boil soil poisoncoil
oy:oyster boy cowboy soy toy
au:august sause sausage naughty autumnapplause
aw:paw draw saw straw strawberry lawn
oo:moon zoo roof rooster boots food spoonroom cool fool boom foolish
oo:book cook good foot look hook
ea:head sweater sweat pear lead bearleather feather
第五天:ch sh wh ph th th kn wrmb
ch:beach lunch cheese bench church chickenchair cherry
sh:sheep shirt ship fish dish push shoesshovel
wh:whale white wheel wheat whip whistlewheelchair whisper
ph:photo elephant telephone trophy pharmacyalphabet
th:brother feather leather father mother
th:thumb three bathmat thirsty thief bathmouth teeth
kn:knob knee knife knock knit
wr:wrist wrinkle wrap wreath write
mb:thumb lamb bomb comb crumb numb
第六天:bl fl pl cl gl br cr gr pr fr tr dr
bl:blue black blouse bloom bleach blanket blondehair
fl: flat flu fly flame flute floor flagflower
pl:plane play plus planet platform plumplate plant
cl:clock cloud clean clay climb close clapclown
gl:glove globe glass glue glasses glider
br:bright brook brim bride brown breadbrick brother
cr:crown crab cream crow crayon crocodilecry croissant
gr:gray green grass grapes ground growgrandma
pr:prixe price prawn press prince princesspray
fr:frog frost Friday French fries fruitfront friend frame
tr:tractor truck train tray tree triangletrunk trolley
dr:dream drum dry drop draw drive dressdrink
第七天: sn sl sw sp st sc sk all ew y
: ile all ell oke ooth
sn:snowman snow snore snake snail sneakerssneakers snack
sl:slow slap sleep slide slope sled
sw:switch swallow swan swim sweet swingsweater sweat
sp:spider spaceship spinach spoon spell
st:stockings store star stamp storm stickstudent stand
sc:scarf scooter scanner scarecrow scalescorpion scoop
sk:skunk skis skirt skates
all:call tall fall ball wall
ew:dew few view hew new nephew newspaper
Yy: sky fly dry spy type shy cry my Yy :Miny sunny puppy dizzy dirty pony
happybaby
自然拼音强化练习：Tongue twister
1.A big black bear sat on a big black bug.
2.A big black bug bit a big black dog onhis big black nose!
3.Cat, Cat, catch that fat rat.
4.A fat cat catches a mad rat.
5.Blue glue gun, green glue gun.
6.Black background, brown background.
7.A noisy noise annoys an oyster.
8.A good cook can cook good cookies.
9.At noon I took a good book ，andsat
by the pool in the wood.I soon took off my boot.And put my foot in thepool.Oh!
How cool, how cool.
10.The hunter and his huge horse hidebehind in house.
11. Betty better butter Brad's bread.
12.Two tiny tigers take two taxis to town.
13.The first is the first.The third is thethird.The third can be the
first, The first can be the third.
14.Sir, this girl wearing a dirty skirt isnot the first, but the third.
15.A flea and a fly flew up in a flue. Saidthe flea, "Let us
fly!" Said the fly, "Let us flee!" Sothey flew through a flaw in
the flue.
16. I wish you were a fish in my dish.
17.Jean's three sheep are near the greenjeep.
18.There are thirty -three thousand threehundred and thirty-three featherson that bird's throat.
19.Neither father nor mother likes this weather.
20.It’s a goat,sitting in a boat,wearing acoat and writing a note.It’s a
bear,sitting on a chair,holding a pear andcombing its hair.It’s a cock,sitting
on a rock,wearing a sock and looking at aclock.It’s a fly,wearing a tie,holding
a pie and waving good bye.
链接：https://www.zhihu.com/question/22980630/answer/72921413
er.字母组合发音，在什么情况下发什么音？
字母组合er在非重点音节中，尤其是作为后缀时，常发短元音//。例词，teacher，worker，cooker。
字母组合er在重读闭音节中，常发长元音/ə:/。例词，alert（警惕的），terse（简要的）等。
特例：clerk中er发长元音/a:/。
er，ir，ur，通常读长音/ə:/，例如：term,her,girl,bird,nurse,hurt
or在/w/之后也读/ə:/，在其它情况下读/：/例如：word,worker,world,worm,afford,corn,horse
er，ir，ur，or在非重读音节里读短元音/ə/，如：river,farmer,teacher,doctor.
元音字母重读开音节和闭音节中的读音。
扩展资料：
一些语言中的元音可分为舌面元音和舌尖元音。大多数元音都是舌面元音，如国际音标的 [a]、[e]、[i]、[o]、[u] 等等，而汉语族中有一类在其它语言中很少见的舌尖元音，发音时舌尖紧张，包括平舌音（舌尖前音）如汉语拼音zi、ci、si 的韵母，和翘舌音（舌尖后音）如汉语拼音 zhi、chi、shi 的韵母。
汉语普通话的舌尖元音在语音学中常视作“齿接近音（dental approximant）[ɹ̪]”与“翘舌接近音（retroflex approximant）[ɻ]”，汉学界则使用非正式的国际音标符号“舌尖前元音[ɿ]”与“舌尖后元音[ʅ]”来表示。
参考资料来源：百度百科-元音
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